viva voce

/'vaivə'vousi/

Thân thiện

The professor conducted the viva voce in a quiet office.

Definition

1. Adverb: By word of mouth; orally.

   • This describes the manner in which something is communicated or conducted, specifically through spoken words rather than in writing.

2. Noun: An oral examination, typically for an academic degree or qualification, in which the candidate answers questions verbally before an examiner or panel.

Usage Examples

• Adverb:

  • The news was passed viva voce through the village long before the official announcement. (The news spread by spoken word.)
  • The tradition was preserved viva voce for generations. (The tradition was preserved through oral storytelling.)

• Noun:

  • The final part of her PhD was a rigorous viva voce. (She had to defend her thesis orally.)
  • He was nervous about his upcoming viva voce in history. (He was nervous about his oral exam.)

Advanced Usage

• The term is often used in formal or academic contexts, particularly in British English. It is sometimes shortened informally to "viva" (e.g., "I have my viva next week").
• It can describe any formal oral test or interview, not just for university degrees (e.g., for a professional certification).

Variants and Related Words

• Viva (n., informal): A shortened, common form of "viva voce" when referring to the examination.
  • She passed her viva with minor corrections.

Synonyms

• Adverb: Orally, verbally, by word of mouth.
• Noun: Oral examination, oral test, defense, viva.

Related Phrases

• To sit a viva voce: To take an oral examination.
  • He will sit his viva voce next month.
• To pass/fail a viva voce: To succeed or not succeed in an oral examination.
  • She passed her viva voce with flying colors.

Học thuật

Adverb

1. orally
   • I heard it viva voce

Noun

1. an examination conducted by spoken communication

Từ đồng nghĩa

• by word of mouth
• oral
• oral exam
• oral examination
• viva